SpringCloud上

阅读数: 次 2021-03-15

一、技术版本与选型说明

项目地址:https://gitee.com/codeming2000/cloud-first

版本说明：

技术	版本
cloud	Hoxton.SR1
boot	2.2.2.RELEASE
cloud alibaba	2.1.0.RELEASE
java	java8
Maven	3.5及以上
Mysql	5.7及以上

关于Cloud各种组件的停更/升级/替换:

参考资料:

Spring Cloud

https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/Hoxton.SR1/reference/htmlsingle/

https://www.bookstack.cn/read/spring-cloud-docs/docs-index.md (中文)

Spring Boot

https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.2.2.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/

二、微服务架构编码构建

原则：约定 > 配置 > 编码

IDEA新建project工作空间

父工程步骤

New Project
聚合总工程名字
Maven选版本
工程名字
字符编码
注解生效激活
java编译版本选8
File Type过滤

父工程pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <!-- 统一管理jar包版本 -->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>8.0.18</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
    </properties>

    <!-- 子模块继承之后，提供作用：锁定版本+子modlue不用写groupId和version  -->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>${druid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                    <addResources>true</addResources>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

Rest微服务工程构建

1.cloud-provider-payment8001微服务提供者支付Module模块

建cloud-provider-payment8001

创建完成后回到父工程查看pom文件变化

改POM文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

写YML

server:
  port: 8001


spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
    username: root
    password: 123456

mybatis:
  mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.ming.springcloud.entities

主启动

package com.ming.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

1.建表SQL

CREATE TABLE `payment` (
    `id` BIGINT(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
    `serial` VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT '',
    PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

2.entitles

主实体Payment

package com.ming.springcloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment implements Serializable {
    private Long id;
    private String serial;
}

Json封装体CommonResult

package com.ming.springcloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
    private Integer code;
    private String message;
    private T data;

    public CommonResult(Integer code,String message){
        this(code,message,null);
    }
}

3.dao

接口PaymentDao

package com.ming.springcloud.dao;

import com.ming.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

@Mapper
public interface PaymentDao {
    public int create(Payment payment);

    public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}

mybatis的映射文件PaymentMapper.xml

<!--src\main\resources\mapper\PaymentMapper.xml-->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">

    <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
        insert into payment(serial) values(${serial});
    </insert>

    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment">
        <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"></id>
        <id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"></id>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getPaymentById"  parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
        select * from payment where id=#{id}
    </select>

</mapper>

4.service

接口PaymentService

package com.ming.springcloud.service;

import com.ming.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

public interface PaymentService {
    public int create(Payment payment);

    public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}

实现类

package com.ming.springcloud.service.impl;

import com.ming.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao;
import com.ming.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.ming.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {

    @Resource
    private PaymentDao paymentDao;

    @Override
    public int create(Payment payment) {
        return paymentDao.create(payment);
    }

    @Override
    public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
        return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
    }
}

5.controller

package com.ming.springcloud.controller;

import com.ming.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.ming.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.ming.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @PostMapping(value = "/payment/creat")
    public CommonResult create(@RequestBody Payment payment){
        int result = paymentService.create(payment);
        log.info("--------------插入结果："+result);
        if (result>0){
            return new CommonResult(200,"插入数据库成功",result);
        }else {
            return new CommonResult(444,"插入数据库失败",null);
        }
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable Long id){
        Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
        log.info("--------------插入结果："+payment);
        if (payment!=null){
            return new CommonResult(200,"查询成功",payment);
        }else {
            return new CommonResult(444,"没有对应记录，查询ID:"+id,null);
        }
    }
}

测试

http://localhost:8001/payment/get/1

postman模拟post

运行

通过修改idea的workpace.xml的方式来快速打开Run DashBoard窗口

开启Run DashBoard
小总结

1.建module

2.改POM

3.写YML

4.主启动

5.业务类

2.热部署Devtools

Adding devtools to your project

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

Adding plugin to your pom.xml

下一段配置黏贴到父工程当中的pom里
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <fork>true</fork>
                <addResources>true</addResources>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

Enabling automatic build
Update the value of
重启IDEA

3.cloud-consumer-order80微服务消费者订单Module模块

建cloud-consumer-order80

改POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

写YML
1
2
server:
port: 8000

主启动

package com.ming.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

1.创建entities(将cloud-provider-payment8001工程下的entities包下的两个实体类复制过来)

2.首说RestTemplate

3.config配置类

package com.ming.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

创建controller

package com.ming.springcloud.controller;

import com.ming.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.ming.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {

    public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create")
    public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment) {
        return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/creat", payment, CommonResult.class);
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/get/"+ id, CommonResult.class);
    }
}

测试

先启动cloud-provider-payment8001

再启动cloud-consumer-order80

http://localhost:8000/consumer/payment/get/32

不要忘记@RequestBody注解(provider)

4.工程重构

观察问题
新建 cloud-api-commons

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

entities

Payment实体

CommonResult通用封装类
maven命令clean install

订单80和支付8001分别改造

删除各自的原先有过的entities文件夹

各自黏贴POM内容

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
    <version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>

目前工程样图

三、Eureka服务注册与发现

Eureka基础知识

什么是服务治理

什么是服务注册

Eureka两组件

单机Eureka构建步骤

1.IDEA生成eurekaServer端服务注册中心

建Module

cloud-eureka-server7001

改POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-eureka-server7001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

写YML

server:
  port: 7001

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost  #eureka服务端的实例名字
  client:
    #表识不向注册中心注册自己
    register-with-eureka: false
    #表示自己就是注册中心，职责是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

主启动

package com.minh.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaMain7001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaMain7001.class, args);
    }
}

测试

http://localhost:7001/

2.EurekaClient端cloud-provider-payment8001将注册进EurekaServer成为服务提供者provider

cloud-provider-payment8001

改POM

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

写YML

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka

主启动

@EnableEurekaClient
测试

先要启动EurekaServer

http://localhost:7001/

微服务注册名配置说明
自我保护机制

3. EurekaClient端cloud-consumer-order80将注册进EurekaServer成为服务消费者consumer

cloud-consumer-order80

POM

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

写YML

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-order-service

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka

主启动

@EnableEurekaClient
测试

集群Eureka构建步骤

1.Eureka集群原理说明

2.EurekaServer集群环境构建步骤

参考cloud-eureka-server7001
新建cloud-eureka-server7002
改POM
修改映射配置

找到C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc路径下的hosts文件
1
2
127.0.0.1 eureka7001.com
127.0.0.1 eureka7002.com

写YML

7001

server:
  port: 7001

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka7001.com  #eureka服务端的实例名字
  client:
    #表识不向注册中心注册自己
    register-with-eureka: false
    #表示自己就是注册中心，职责是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
      defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/

7002

server:
  port: 7002

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka7002.com  #eureka服务端的实例名字
  client:
    #表识不向注册中心注册自己
    register-with-eureka: false
    #表示自己就是注册中心，职责是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/

主启动

3.将支付服务8001微服务发布到上面2台Eureka集群配置中

1
2
3

    service-url:
#      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka

4.将订单服务80微服务发布到上面2台Eureka集群配置中

1
2
3

    service-url:
#      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka

5.测试1

先要启动EurekaServer，7001/7002服务
再要启动服务提供者provider，8001服务
再要启动消费者，80
http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/31

6.支付服务提供者8001集群环境构建

参考cloud-provider-payment8001
新建cloud-provider-payment8002
改POM
写YML
主启动类
业务类
修改8001/8002的Controller

7.负载均衡

订单服务访问地址不能写死

1	public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE";

使用@LoadBalanced注解赋予RestTemplate负载均衡的能力

@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
    return new RestTemplate();
}

8.测试2

先要启动EurekaServer，7001/7002服务
再要启动服务提供者provider，8001/8002服务
http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/31
结果

负载均衡效果达到

8001/8002端口交替出现
Ribbon和Eureka整合后Consumer可以直接调用服务而不用再关心地址和端口号，且该服务还有负载功能了

actuator微服务信息完善

1.主机名称：服务名称修改

修改cloud-provider-payment

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
#      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: payment8002

2.访问信息有ip信息提示

修改cloud-provider-payment

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
#      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: payment8001
    prefer-ip-address: true

服务发现Discovery

对于注册进eureka里面的微服务，可以通过服务发现来获得该服务的信息

修改cloud-provider-payment8001的Controller

@Resource
private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

@GetMapping(value = "/payment/discovery")
public Object discovery(){
    List<String> services = discoveryClient.getServices();
    for (String element : services) {
        log.info("***** element:"+element);
    }
    List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE");
    for (ServiceInstance instance : instances) {
        log.info(instance.getServiceId()+"\t"+instance.getHost()+"\t"+instance.getPort()+"\t"+instance.getUri());
    }
    return this.discoveryClient;
}

8001主启动类 @EnableDiscoveryClient

测试:

先要启动EurekaServer，7001/7002服务
再启动8001主启动类，需要稍等一会
http://localhost:8001/payment/discovery

Eureka自我保护

1.故障现象

2.导致原因

一句话：某时刻某一个微服务不可用了，Eureka不会立刻清理，依旧会对该微服务的信息进行保存
属于CAP里面的AP分支

3.怎么禁止自我保护（一般生产环境中不会禁止自我保护）

注册中心eureakeServer端7001

出厂默认，自我保护机制是开启的 eureka.server.enable-self-preservation = true

使用eureka.server.enable-self-preservation = false可以禁用自我保护模式

1
2
3

server:
  enable-self-preservation: false
  eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 2000

生产者客户端eureakeClient端8001

默认

eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds=30 单位为秒（默认是30秒）

eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds=90 单位为秒（默认是90秒）
配置
测试

7001和8001都配置完成

先启动7001再启动8001

先关闭8001–>马上被删除了

Eureka停止更新

https://github.com/Netflix/eureka/wiki

四、Zookeeper服务注册与发现

SpringCloud整合Zookeeper代替Eureka

1.注册中心Zookeeper

zookeeper是一个分布式协调工具，可以实现注册中心功能
关闭Linux服务器防火墙后启动zookeeper服务器
zookeeper服务器取代Eureka服务器，zk作为服务注册中心

2.服务提供者

新建cloud-provider-payment8004

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8004</artifactId>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId>
            <!--排除zk3.5.3-->
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                    <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

YML

server:
  port: 8004

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-payment
  cloud:
    zookeeper:
      connect-string: 192.168.0.205:2181

主启动类

Controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/zk")
    public String paymentzk() {
        return "springcloud with zookeeper:" + serverPort + "\t" + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    }

}

启动8004注册进zookeeper

启动后问题

解决zookeeper版本jar包冲突问题

排出zk冲突后的新POM

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId>
    <!--排除zk3.5.3-->
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
    <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.8</version>
</dependency>

验证测试
验证测试2
思考

服务节点是临时节点还是持久节点? 临时节点 CP

3.服务消费者

新建cloud-consumerzk-order80
POM
YML
主启动

业务类

配置Bean

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

Controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderZKController {

    public static final String INVOKE_URL = "http://cloud-provider-payment";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/zk")
    public String payment() {
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject(INVOKE_URL + "/payment/zk", String.class);
        return result;
    }

}

启动8004注册进zookeeper
验证测试
访问测试地址

http://localhost/consumer/payment/zk

五、Consul服务注册与发现

1. Consul简介

https://www.consul.io/intro/index.html

能干嘛

服务发现

提供HTTP和DNS两种发现方式
健康监测

支持多种协议，HTTP、TCP、Docker、Shell脚本定制化
KV存储

key , Value的存储方式
多数据中心

Consul支持多数据中心
可视化Web界面

去哪下

https://www.consul.io/downloads.html

怎么玩

https://www.springcloud.cc/spring-cloud-consul.html

2.安装并运行Consul

官网安装说明

https://learn.hashicorp.com/consul/getting-started/install.html

下载完成后只有一个consul.exe文件，硬盘路径下双击运行，查看版本信息

使用开发模式启动

consul agent -dev

通过以下地址可以访问Consul的首页：http;//localhost:8500

3.服务提供者

新建Module cloud-providerconsul-payment8006

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-providerconsul-payment8006</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

YML

server:
  port: 8006

spring:
  application:
    name: consul-provider-payment
  cloud:
    consul:
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}

主启动类

package com.ming.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain8006 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8006.class, args);
    }
}

业务类Controller

package com.ming.springcloud.controller;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.UUID;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/consul")
    public String paymentzk() {
        return "springcloud with consul:" + serverPort + "\t" + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    }
}

验证测试

http://localhost:8006/payment/consul

4.服务消费者

新建Module cloud-consumerconsul-order80
POM
YML
主启动类

配置Bean

@LoadBalanced
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
    return new RestTemplate();
}

Controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderConsulController {
    public static final String INVOKE_URL = "http://consul-provider-payment";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/consul")
    public String payment (){
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject(INVOKE_URL+"/payment/consul",String.class);
        return result;
    }
}

验证测试
访问测试地址

http://localhost/consumer/payment/consul

5.三个注册中心异同点

CAP

C:Consistency(强一致性)

A:Availability(可用性)

P:Partition tolerance(分区容错)

CAP理论关注粒度是数据，而不是整体系统设计的策略

经典CAP图

AP(Eureka)

CP(Zookeeper/Consul)

六、Ribbon负载均衡服务调用

1.概述

是什么

官网资料

https://github.com/Netflix/ribbon/wiki/Getting-Started

Ribbon目前也进入维护模式

未来替换方案

能干嘛

LB（负载均衡）

集中式LB

进程内LB

总结：负载均衡+RestTemplate调用

2.Ribbon负载均衡演示

架构说明

总结：Ribbon其实就是一个软负载均衡的客户端组件，他可以和其他所需请求的客户端结合使用，和eureka结合只是其中的一个实例。

POM

RestTemplate的使用

官网

https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.2.2.RELEASE/javadoc-api/org/springframework/web/client/RestTemplate.html

getForObject方法/getForEntity方法

postForObject/postForEntity

GET请求方法

POST请求方法

3.Ribbon核心组件IRule

IRule:根据特定算法从服务列表中选取一个要访问的服务

com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule

轮询
com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule

随机
com.netflix.loadbalancer.RetryRule

先按照RoundRobinRule的策略获取服务，如果获取服务失败则在指定时间内会进行重试
WeightedResponseTimeRule

对RoundRobinRule的扩展，响应速度越快的实例选择权重越大，越容易被选择
BestAvailableRule

会先过滤掉由于多次访问故障而处于断路器跳闸状态的服务，然后选择一个并发量最小的服务
AvailabilityFilteringRule

先过滤掉故障实例，再选择并发较小的实例
ZoneAvoidanceRule

默认规则，复合判断server所在区域的性能和server的可用性选择服务器

如何替换

修改cloud-consumer-order80
注意配置细节
新建package

com.ming.myrule

上面包下新建MySelfRule规则类

package com.ming.myrule;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MySelfRule {
    @Bean
    public IRule myRule(){
        return new RandomRule();//定义为随机
    }
}

主启动类添加@RibbonClient

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE",configuration = MySelfRule.class)
public class OrderMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class, args);
    }
}

测试

4. Ribbon负载均衡算法

原理

RoundRobinRule源码

/*
 *
 * Copyright 2013 Netflix, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 */
package com.netflix.loadbalancer;

import com.netflix.client.config.IClientConfig;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

/**
 * The most well known and basic load balancing strategy, i.e. Round Robin Rule.
 *
 * @author stonse
 * @author Nikos Michalakis <nikos@netflix.com>
 *
 */
public class RoundRobinRule extends AbstractLoadBalancerRule {

    private AtomicInteger nextServerCyclicCounter;
    private static final boolean AVAILABLE_ONLY_SERVERS = true;
    private static final boolean ALL_SERVERS = false;

    private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RoundRobinRule.class);

    public RoundRobinRule() {
        nextServerCyclicCounter = new AtomicInteger(0);
    }

    public RoundRobinRule(ILoadBalancer lb) {
        this();
        setLoadBalancer(lb);
    }

    public Server choose(ILoadBalancer lb, Object key) {
        if (lb == null) {
            log.warn("no load balancer");
            return null;
        }

        Server server = null;
        int count = 0;
        while (server == null && count++ < 10) {
            List<Server> reachableServers = lb.getReachableServers();
            List<Server> allServers = lb.getAllServers();
            int upCount = reachableServers.size();
            int serverCount = allServers.size();

            if ((upCount == 0) || (serverCount == 0)) {
                log.warn("No up servers available from load balancer: " + lb);
                return null;
            }

            int nextServerIndex = incrementAndGetModulo(serverCount);
            server = allServers.get(nextServerIndex);

            if (server == null) {
                /* Transient. */
                Thread.yield();
                continue;
            }

            if (server.isAlive() && (server.isReadyToServe())) {
                return (server);
            }

            // Next.
            server = null;
        }

        if (count >= 10) {
            log.warn("No available alive servers after 10 tries from load balancer: "
                     + lb);
        }
        return server;
    }

    /**
     * Inspired by the implementation of {@link AtomicInteger#incrementAndGet()}.
     *
     * @param modulo The modulo to bound the value of the counter.
     * @return The next value.
     */
    private int incrementAndGetModulo(int modulo) {
        for (;;) {
            int current = nextServerCyclicCounter.get();
            int next = (current + 1) % modulo;
            if (nextServerCyclicCounter.compareAndSet(current, next))
                return next;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Server choose(Object key) {
        return choose(getLoadBalancer(), key);
    }

    @Override
    public void initWithNiwsConfig(IClientConfig clientConfig) {
    }
}

手写

ApplicationContextBean去掉@LoadBalanced

LoadBalancer接口

package com.ming.springcloud.lb;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;

import java.util.List;

public interface LoadBalancer {
    //收集服务器总共有多少台能够提供服务的机器，并放到list里面
    ServiceInstance instances(List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances);
}

MyLB

package com.ming.springcloud.lb;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

@Component
public class MyLB implements LoadBalancer {

    private AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger(0);

    private final int getAndIncrement() {
        int current;
        int next;
        do {
            current = this.atomicInteger.get();
            next = current >= 2147483647 ? 0 : current + 1;
        } while (!this.atomicInteger.compareAndSet(current,next));//第一个参数是期望值，第二个参数是修改值是
        System.out.println("*******第几次访问，次数next: "+next);
        return next;
    }

    @Override
    public ServiceInstance instances(List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances) {
        int index = getAndIncrement() % serviceInstances.size(); //得到服务器的下标位置
        return serviceInstances.get(index);
    }
}

OrderController

@Resource
private LoadBalancer loadBalancer;

@Resource
private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/lb")
public String getPaymentLB(){
    List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE");
    if (instances == null || instances.size() <= 0){
        return null;
    }
    ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancer.instances(instances);
    URI uri = serviceInstance.getUri();
    return restTemplate.getForObject(uri+"/payment/lb",String.class);
}

测试

七、OpenFeign服务接口调用

1.概述

OpenFeign是什么

Feign是一个声明式的web服务客户端，让编写web服务客户端变得非常容易，只需创建一个接口并在接口上添加注解即可

GitHub：https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-openfeign

能干嘛

Feign和OpenFeign两者区别

2.OpenFeign使用步骤

接口+注解

微服务调用接口+@FeignClient
新建cloud-consumer-feign-order80

Feign在消费端使用

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-feign-order80</artifactId>



    <!--openfeign-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

YML

server:
  port: 8000
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka, http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka

主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class OrderFeignMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderFeignMain80.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

业务逻辑接口+@FeignClient配置调用provider服务

新建PaymentFeignService接口并新增注解@FeignClient

@Component
@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE")
public interface PaymentFeignService {

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}

控制层Controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderFeignController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentFeignService paymentFeignService;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return paymentFeignService.getPaymentById(id);
    }
}

测试
总结

3.OpenFeign超时控制

超时设置，故意设置超时演示出错情况

服务提供方8001故意写暂停程序

@GetMapping(value = "/payment/feign/timeout")
public String paymentFeignTimeout(){
    try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3); }catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}
    return serverPort;
}

服务消费方80添加超时方法PaymentFeignService

1 2	@GetMapping(value = "/payment/feign/timeout") public String paymentFeignTimeout();

服务消费方80添加超时方法OrderFeignController

@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/feign/timeout")
public String paymentFeignTimeout(){
    return paymentFeignService.paymentFeignTimeout();
}

测试

OpenFeign默认等待一秒钟，超过后报错

是什么

OpenFeign默认支持Ribbon

YML文件里需要开启OpenFeign客户端超时控制

1
2
3

ribbon:
  ReadTimeout:  5000
  ConnectTimeout: 5000

4.OpenFeign日志打印功能

是什么

日志级别

配置日志bean

package com.ming.springcloud.config;

import feign.Logger;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class FeignConfig {
    @Bean
    Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel(){
        return Logger.Level.FULL;
    }
}

YML文件里需要开启日志的Feign客户端

1
2
3

logging:
  level:
    com.ming.springcloud.service.PaymentFeignService: debug

八、Hystrix断路器

1.概述

分布式系统面临的问题

是什么

能干嘛

服务降级
服务熔断
接近实时的监控
…

官网资料

https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix/wiki/How-To-Use

Hystrix官宣，停更进维

https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix

被动修复bugs
不再接受合并请求
不再发布新版本

2.Hystrix重要概念

服务降级

服务器忙，请稍候再试，不让客户端等待并立刻返回一个友好提示，fallback

哪些情况会触发降级

程序运行异常
超时
服务熔断触发服务降级
线程池/信号量打满也会导致服务降级

服务熔断

类比保险丝达到最大服务访问后，直接拒绝访问，拉闸限电，然后调用服务降级的方法并返回友好提示

就是保险丝

服务的降级->进而熔断->恢复调用链路

服务限流

秒杀高并发等操作，严禁一窝蜂的过来拥挤，大家排队，一秒钟N个，有序进行

3.hystrix案例

构建

新建cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <!--新增hystrix-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

YML

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-hystrix-payment

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true    #表识不向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: true   #表示自己就是注册中心，职责是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/

主启动

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class PaymentHystrixMain8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentHystrixMain8001.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

@Service
public class PaymentService {

    //成功
    public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id){
        return "线程池："+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"   paymentInfo_OK,id：  "+id+"\t"+"哈哈哈"  ;
    }

    //失败
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id){
        int timeNumber = 3;
        try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeNumber); }catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}
        return "线程池："+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"   paymentInfo_TimeOut,id：  "+id+"\t"+"呜呜呜"+" 耗时(秒)"+timeNumber;
    }
}

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
        log.info("*******result:"+result);
        return result;
    }
    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
        log.info("*******result:"+result);
        return result;
    }
}

正常测试

高并发测试

上述在非高并发情形下，还能勉强满足

Jmeter压测测试

开启Jmeter，来20000个并发压死8001，20000个请求都去访问paymentInfo_TimeOut服务
再来一个访问

http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/ok/31

http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/timeout/31
看演示结果

两个都在自己转圈圈

为什么会被卡死

tomcat的默认的工作线程数被打满了，没有多余的线程来分解压力和处理。

Jmeter压测结论

上面还是服务提供者8001自己测试，假如此时外部的消费者80也来访问，那消费者只能干等，最终导致消费端80不满意，服务端8001直接被拖死

看热闹不嫌弃事大，80新建加入

新建 cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--新增hystrix-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

YML

server:
  port: 8000

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/

主启动

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class OrderHystrixMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderHystrixMain80.class,args);
    }
}

业务类

package com.ming.springcloud.service;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

@Component
@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT")
public interface PaymentHystrixService {
    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);

    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);
}

package com.ming.springcloud.controller;

import com.ming.springcloud.service.PaymentHystrixService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderHystrixController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentHystrixService paymentHystrixService;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        return paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        return paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
    }

}

正常测试

http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/1
高并发测试

2W个线程压8001

消费端80微服务再去访问正常的OK微服务8001地址

http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/1

消费者80 要么转圈圈等待要么消费端报超时错误

故障现象和导致原因

8001同一层次的其他接口服务被困死，因为tomcat线程里面的工作线程已经被挤占完毕

80此时调用8001，客户端访问响应缓慢，转圈圈

结论:正因为有上述故障或不佳表现，才有我们的降级/容错/限流等技术诞生

如何解决？解决的要求

超时导致服务器变慢（转圈）

超时不再等待
出错（宕机或程序运行出错）

出错要有兜底
解决

对方服务（8001）超时了，调用者（80）不能一直卡死等待，必须有服务降级

对方服务（8001）down机了，调用者（80）不能一直卡死等待，必须有服务降级

对方服务（8001）OK，调用者（80）自己出故障或有自我要求（自己的等待时间小于服务提供者），自己处理降级

服务降级

降低配置 @HystrixCommand

8001先从自身找问题

设置自身调用超时时间的峰值，峰值内可以正常运行，超过了需要有兜底的方法处理，作服务降级fallback

8001fallback

业务类启用

//失败
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler",commandProperties = {
        @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "3000")  //3秒钟以内就是正常的业务逻辑
})
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id){
    int a=10/0;
    int timeNumber = 5;
    try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeNumber); }catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}
    return "线程池："+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"   paymentInfo_TimeOut,id：  "+id+"\t"+"呜呜呜"+" 耗时(秒)"+timeNumber;
}

一旦调用服务方法失败并抛出了错误信息后，会自动调用@HystrixCommand标注好的fallbackMethod调用类中的指定方法

主启动类激活

添加新注解@EnableCircuitBreaker

80fallback

80订单微服务，也可以更好的保护自己，自己也依样画葫芦进行客户端降级保护

我们自己配置过的热部署方式对java代码的改动明显，但对@HystrixCommand内属性的修改建议重启微服务

YML

1
2
3

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

主启动 @EnableHystrix

业务类

@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentTimeOutFallBackMethod",commandProperties = {
    @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "1500")
})
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
    //        int age = 10/0;
    return paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
}

目前问题

每个方法配置一个？？？膨胀

和业务逻辑混一起？？？混乱

解决问题

膨胀问题

feign接口系列
@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = “”)

controller配置

@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "payment_Global_FallbackMethod")
public class OrderHystrixController {
    /**
     * 全局 fallback 方法
     * @return
     */
    public String payment_Global_FallbackMethod(){
        return "Global异常处理信息，请稍后再试。/(╥﹏╥)/~~";
    }
}

方法上加@HystrixCommand 就找全局的

混乱问题

服务降级，客户端去调用服务端，碰上服务端宕机或关闭
本次案例服务降级处理是在客户端80实现完成的，与服务端8001没有关系，只需要为Feign客户端定义的接口添加一个服务降级处理的实现类即可实现解耦
未来我们要面对的异常

运行

超时

宕机
再看我们的业务类PaymentController
修改cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80
根据cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80已经有的PaymentHystrixService接口，重新新建一个类（PaymentFallbackService）实现该接口，统一为接口里面的方法进行异常处理

PaymentFallbackService类实现PaymentFeignClientService接口

package com.ming.springcloud.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentHystrixService {
    @Override
    public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id) {
        return "-----PaymentFallbackService fall back-paymentInfo_OK , (┬＿┬)";
    }

    @Override
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id) {
        return "-----PaymentFallbackService fall back-paymentInfo_TimeOut , (┬＿┬)";
    }
}

YML
1
2
3
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: true

PaymentFeignClientService接口

1
2
3

@Component
@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT",fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)
public interface PaymentHystrixService {}

测试

服务熔断

一句话就是家里保险丝

熔断是什么

https://martinfowler.com/bliki/CircuitBreaker.html

实操

修改cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001

PaymentService

//服务熔断
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentCircuitBreaker_fallback",commandProperties = {
    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.enabled",value = "true"),  //是否开启断路器
    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold",value = "10"),   //请求次数
    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.sleepWindowInMilliseconds",value = "10000"),  //时间范围
    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.errorThresholdPercentage",value = "60"), //失败率达到多少后跳闸
})
public String paymentCircuitBreaker(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
    if (id < 0){
        throw new RuntimeException("*****id 不能负数");
    }
    String serialNumber = IdUtil.simpleUUID();

    return Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+"调用成功,流水号："+serialNumber;
}
public String paymentCircuitBreaker_fallback(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
    return "id 不能负数，请稍候再试,(┬＿┬)/~~     id: " +id;
}

PaymentController

//===服务熔断
@GetMapping("/payment/circuit/{id}")
public String paymentCircuitBreaker(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
    String result = paymentService.paymentCircuitBreaker(id);
    log.info("*******result:"+result);
    return result;
}

测试

自测cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001

正确:http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/1

错误:http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/-1

一次正确一次错误trytry

重点测试 : 多次错误,然后慢慢正确，发现刚开始不满足条件，就算是正确的访问地址也不能进行访问，需要慢慢的恢复链路

总结

大神结论

熔断类型

熔断打开

请求不再进行调用当前服务，内部设置时钟一般为MTTR(平均故障处理时间)，当打开时长达到所设时钟则进入熔断状态
熔断关闭

熔断关闭不会对服务进行熔断
熔断半开

部分请求根据规则调用当前服务，如果请求成功且符合规则则认为当前服务恢复正常，关闭熔断

官网断路器流程图

官网步骤
断路器在什么情况下开始起作用
断路器开启或者关闭的条件

当满足一定阀值的时候（默认10秒内超过20个请求次数）

当失败率达到一定的时候（默认10秒内超过50%请求失败）

到达以上阀值，断路器将会开启

当开启的时候，所有请求都不会进行转发

一段时间之后（默认是5秒），这个时候断路器是半开状态，会让其中一个请求进行转发。如果成功，断路器会关闭，若失败，继续开启。重复4和5

断路器打开之后

All配置

服务限流

后面高级篇alibaba的Sentinel说明

4.hystrix工作流程

https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix/wiki/How-it-Works

步骤说明

5.服务监控hystrixDashboard

概述

仪表盘9001

新建cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <!--新增hystrix dashboard-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

YML
1
2
server:
port: 9001

HystrixDashboardMain9001+新注解@EnableHystrixDashboard

package com.ming.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableHystrixDashboard
public class HystrixDashboardMain9001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HystrixDashboardMain9001.class, args);
    }
}

所有Provider微服务提供类（8001/8002/8003）都需要监控依赖配置

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

启动cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001该微服务后续将监控微服务8001

http://localhost:9001/hystrix

断路器演示

修改cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001

注意：新版本Hystrix需要在主启动类MainAppHystrix8001中指定监控路径

@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean getServlet(){
    HystrixMetricsStreamServlet streamServlet = new HystrixMetricsStreamServlet();
    ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(streamServlet);
    registrationBean.setLoadOnStartup(1);
    registrationBean.addUrlMappings("/hystrix.stream");
    registrationBean.setName("HystrixMetricsStreamServlet");
    return registrationBean;
}

Unable to connect to Command Metric Stream

404

监控测试

启动1个eureka或者3个eureka集群均可

观察监控窗口

填写监控地址:http://localhost:8001/hystrix.stream

测试地址:

http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/1

http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/-1

先访问正确地址，再访问错误地址，再正确地址，会发现图示断路器都是慢慢放开的

如何看

1圈

1线

整图说明

整图说明2

搞懂一个才能看懂复杂的

九、Gateway新一代网关

1.概述简介

官网

上一代zuul 1.X:

https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki

当前gateway:

https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-gateway/2.2.1.RELEASE/reference/html/

是什么

Spring Cloud Gateway 使用的Webflux中的reactor-netty响应式编程组件，底层使用了Netty通讯框架

源码架构

能干嘛

反向代理
鉴权
流量控制
熔断
日志监控

有了Zuul了怎么又出来了gateway

我们为什么选择Gatway?

neflix不太靠谱，zuul2.0一直跳票,迟迟不发布
SpringCloud Gateway具有如下特性
SpringCloud Gateway与Zuul的区别

Zuul1.x模型

GateWay模型

WebFlux是什么？

2.三大核心概念

Route(路由)

路由是构建网关的基本模块，它由ID，目标URI，一系列的断言和过滤器组成，如果断言为true则匹配该路由

Predicate（断言）

参考的是java8的java.util.function.Predicate开发人员可以匹配HTTP请求中的所有内容（例如请求头或请求参数），如果请求与断言相匹配则进行路由

Filter(过滤)

指的是Spring框架中GatewayFilter的实例，使用过滤器，可以在请求被路由前或者之后对请求进行修改。

总体

3.Gateway工作流程

官网总结

核心逻辑

路由转发+执行过滤器链

4.入门配置

新建Module cloud-gateway-gateway9527

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-gateway-gateway9527</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--新增gateway-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

YML

server:
  port: 9527

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-gateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true   #开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能，利用微服务名进行路由
      routes:
        - id: payment_routh #payment_routh    #路由的ID，没有固定规则但要求唯一，简易配合服务名
          uri: http://localhost:8001         #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
#          uri: lb://cloud-payment-service   #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/get/**          #断言，路径相匹配的进行路由

        - id: payment_routh2 #payment_routh   #路由的ID，没有固定规则但要求唯一，简易配合服务名
          uri: http://localhost:8001          #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
#          uri: lb://cloud-payment-service     #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/lb/**             #断言，路径相匹配的进行路由
            #- After=2020-03-15T15:35:07.412+08:00[GMT+08:00]
            #- Cookie=username,zzyy
            #- Header=X-Request-Id, \d+ #请求头要有X-Request-Id属性并且值为整数的正则表达式
            #- Host=**.atguigu.com
            #- Method=GET
            #- Query=username, \d+ #要有参数名username并且值还要啥整数才能路由
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: cloud-gateway-service
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka

业务类(无)

主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class GateWayMain9527 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GateWayMain9527.class, args);
    }
}

9527网关如何做路由映射那？？？

cloud-provider-payment8001看看controller的访问地址

get lb

我们目前不想暴露8001端口，希望在8001外面套一层9527
YML新增网关配置
测试

YML配置说明

Gateway网关路由有两种配置方式

在配置文件yml中配置

代码中注入RouteLocator的Bean

自己写一个

需求:通过9527网关访问到外网的百度新闻网址

cloud-gateway-gateway9527

@Configuration
public class GatewayConfig {

    @Bean
    public RouteLocator customRouterLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder routeLocatorBuilder){
        RouteLocatorBuilder.Builder routes = routeLocatorBuilder.routes();

        routes.route("path_route_codeming",
                r->r.path("/guonei")
                        .uri("http://news.baidu.com/guonei")).build();
        return routes.build();
    }
}

5.通过微服务名实现动态路由

默认情况下Gateway会根据注册中心的服务列表，以注册中心上微服务名为路径创建动态路由进行转发，从而实现动态路由的功能

启动

一个eureka7001+两个服务提供者8001/8002

POM

YML

需要注意的是uri的协议为lb，表示启用Gateway的负载均衡功能。

lb://serviceName是spring cloud gateway在微服务中自动为我们创建的负载均衡uri

server:
  port: 9527

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-gateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true   #开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能，利用微服务名进行路由
      routes:
        - id: payment_routh #payment_routh    #路由的ID，没有固定规则但要求唯一，简易配合服务名
#          uri: http://localhost:8001         #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          uri: lb://cloud-payment-service   #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/get/**          #断言，路径相匹配的进行路由

        - id: payment_routh2 #payment_routh   #路由的ID，没有固定规则但要求唯一，简易配合服务名
#          uri: http://localhost:8001          #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          uri: lb://cloud-payment-service     #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/lb/**             #断言，路径相匹配的进行路由
            #- After=2020-03-15T15:35:07.412+08:00[GMT+08:00]
            #- Cookie=username,zzyy
            #- Header=X-Request-Id, \d+ #请求头要有X-Request-Id属性并且值为整数的正则表达式
            #- Host=**.atguigu.com
            #- Method=GET
            #- Query=username, \d+ #要有参数名username并且值还要啥整数才能路由
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: cloud-gateway-service
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka

测试

http://localhost:9527/payment/lb 8001/8002两个端口切换

6.Predicate的使用

是什么

启动我们的gatewat9527

Route Predicate Factories这是什么？

常用的Route Predicate

After Route Predicate

Before Route Predicate

1 2	- After=2020-03-08T10:59:34.102+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] - Before=2020-03-08T10:59:34.102+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]

Between Route Predicate

1	- Between=2020-03-08T10:59:34.102+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] , 2020-03-08T10:59:34.102+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]

Cookie Route Predicate

不带cookies访问

带上cookies访问

1	- Cookie=username,zzyy #并且Cookie是username=zhangshuai才能访问

Header Route Predicate

1	- Header=X-Request-Id, \d+ #请求头中要有X-Request-Id属性并且值为整数的正则表达式

Host Route Predicate
1
- Host=**.atguigu.com
Method Route Predicate
1
- Method=GET
Path Route Predicate

Query Route Predicate

1	- Query=username, \d+ #要有参数名称并且是正整数才能路由

总结

说白了，Predicate就是为了实现一组匹配规则，让请求过来找到对应的Route进行处理

7.Filter的使用

是什么

Spring Cloud Gateway的Filter

生命周期，Only Two

pre :在业务逻辑之前
post :在业务逻辑之后

种类，Only Two

GatewayFilter :单一
GlobalFilter :全局

常用的GatewayFilter

AddRequestParameter

自定义过滤器

自定义全局GlobalFilter

两个主要接口介绍

1	public class MyLogGateWayFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered

能干嘛

全局日志记录
统一网关鉴权

案例代码

package com.ming.springcloud.filter;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

import java.util.Date;

@Component
@Slf4j
public class MyLogGateWayFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        log.info("*************com in MyLogGateWayFilter"+new Date());
        String uname = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("uname");
        if (uname==null){
            log.info("**********用户名为null 非法用户");
            exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.NOT_ACCEPTABLE);
            return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
        }
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }
}

测试

正确：http://localhost:9527/payment/lb?uname=1

十、SpringCloud config分布式配置中心

1.概述

分布式系统面临的配置问题

是什么

能干嘛

集中管理配置文件
不同环境不同配置，动态化的配置更新，分环境部署比如dev/test/prod/beta/release
运行期间动态调整配置，不再需要在每个服务部署的机器上编写配置文件，服务会向配置中心统一拉取配置自己的信息
当配置发生变动时，服务不需要重启即可感知到配置的变化并应用新的配置
将配置信息以REST接口的形式暴露

post、curl访问刷新均可….

与Github整合配置

由于SpringCloud Config默认使用Git来存储配置文件（也有其它方式，比如支持svn和本地文件，但最推荐的还是Git，而且使用的是http/https访问的形式）

官网

https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-config/2.2.1.RELEASE/reference/html/

2.Config服务端配置与测试

用你自己的账号在Github上新建一个名为sprincloud-config的新Repository
由上一步获得刚新建的git地址

写你自己的仓库地址
本地硬盘上新建git仓库并clone
此时在本地D盘符下D:\44\SpringCloud2020\springcloud-config

表示多个环境的配置文件

保存格式必须为UTF-8

如果需要修改，此处模拟运维人员操作git和github
1
2
3
git add .
git commit -m "init yml"
git push origin master
新建Module模块cloud-config-center-3344它既为Cloud的配置中心模块cloudConfig Center

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-config-center-3344</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

YML

server:
  port: 3344
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-config-center
  cloud:
    config:
      server:
        git:
          uri:  git@gitee.com:codeming2000/sprincloud-config.git
          search-paths:
            - springcloud-config
      label: master
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone:  http://localhost:7001/eureka

主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class MainAppConfigCenter3344 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MainAppConfigCenter3344.class, args);
    }
}

windows下修改hosts文件，增加映射

127.0.0.1 config-3344.com
测试通过Config微服务是否可以从Github上获取配置内容

http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml
配置读取规则

1) /{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml（最推荐使用这种方式）

master分支

http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml

http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-test.yml

http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-prod.yml

dev分支

http://config-3344.com:3344/dev/config-dev.yml

http://config-3344.com:3344/dev/config-test.yml

http://config-3344.com:3344/dev/config-prod.yml

2) /{application}-{profile}.yml

http://config-3344.com:3344/config-dev.yml

http://config-3344.com:3344/config-test.yml

http://config-3344.com:3344/config-prod.yml

http://config-3344.com:3344/config-xxxx.yml(不存在的配置)

3) /{application}-{profile}[/{label}]

http://config-3344.com:3344/config/dev/master

http://config-3344.com:3344/config/test/master

http://config-3344.com:3344/config/prod/master

重要配置细节总结
成功实现了用SpringCloud Config 通过GitHub获取配置信息

3.Config客户端配置与测试

新建cloud-config-client-3355
POM

bootstap.yml

是什么

内容

server:
  port: 3355

spring:
  application:
    name: config-client
  cloud:
    config:
      label: master
      name: config
      profile: dev
      uri: http://localhost:3344
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka

修改config-dev.yml配置并提交到GitHub中，比如加个变量age或者版本号version

主启动

@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigClientMain3355 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientMain3355.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

@RestController
public class ConfigClientController {

    @Value("${config.info}")
    private String configInfo;

    @GetMapping("/configInfo")
    public String getConfigInfo(){
        return configInfo;
    }
}

测试
成功实现了客户端3355访问SpringCloud Config3344通过GitHub获取配置信息
问题随时而来，分布式配置的动态刷新

Linux运维修改GitHub上的配置文件内容做调整

刷新3344，发现ConfigServer配置中心立刻响应

刷新3355，发现ConfigServer客户端没有任何响应

3355没有变化除非自己重启或者重新加载

难道每次运维修改配置文件，客户端都需要重启？？噩梦

4.Config客户端之动态刷新

避免每次更新配置都要重启客户端微服务3355

动态刷新

修改3355模块
POM引入actuator监控

修改YML，暴露监控端口

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"

@RefreshScope业务类Controller修改
此时修改github—> 3344 —> 3355

没有改变，(┬＿┬)
需要运维人员发送Post请求刷新3355

必须是Post请求

curl -X POST “http://localhost:3355/actuator/refresh"
再测试

http://localhost:3355/configInfo OK

成功实现了客户端3355刷新到最新配置内容避免了服务的重启

想想还有什么问题？

假如有多个微服务客户端3355/3366/3377。。。。
每个微服务都要执行一次post请求，手动刷新？
可否广播，一次通知，处处生效？
我们想大范围的自动刷新，求方法

十一、SpringCloud Bus 消息总线

1.概述

上一讲解的加深和扩充，一言以蔽之

分布式自动刷新配置功能
Spring Cloud Bus配合Spring Cloud Config使用可以实现配置的动态刷新

是什么

Bus支持两种消息代理：RabbitMQ和Kafka

能干嘛

为何被称为总线

2.RabbitMQ环境配置

安装Erlang，下载地址：

http://erlang.org/download/otp_win64_21.3.exe
安装RabbitMQ，下载地址

https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/all/rabbitmq-server/3.7.14/rabbitmq-server-3.7.14.exe
进入RabbitMQ安装目录下的sbin目录

C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe
输入以下命令启动管理功能

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
访问地址查看是否安装成功

http://localhost:15672/
输入账号密码并登录: guest guest

3.SpringCloud Bus动态刷新全局广播

必须先具备良好的RabbitMQ环境先

演示广播效果，增加复杂度，再以3355为模板再制作一个3366

新建 cloud-config-client-3366
POM
YML
主启动
controller

设计思想

利用消息总线触发一个客户端/bus/refresh,而刷新所有客户端的配置
利用消息总线触发一个服务端ConfigServer的/bus/refresh端点,而刷新所有客户端的配置（更加推荐）
图二的架构显然更加合适，图一不适合的原因如下

打破了微服务的职责单一性，因为微服务本身是业务模块，它本不应该承担配置刷新职责

破坏了微服务各节点的对等性

有一定的局限性。例如，微服务在迁移时，它的网络地址常常会发生变化，此时如果想要做到自动刷新，那就会增加更多的修改

给cloud-config-center-3344配置中心服务端添加消息总线支持

POM

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

YML

server:
  port: 3344
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-config-center
  cloud:
    config:
      server:
        git:
          uri:  git@gitee.com:codeming2000/sprincloud-config.git
          search-paths:
            - springcloud-config
      label: master

rabbitmq:
  host: localhost
  port: 5672
  username: guest
  password: guest

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone:  http://localhost:7001/eureka

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: 'bus-refresh'

给cloud-config-center-3355客户端添加消息总线支持

POM

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

YML

server:
  port: 3355

spring:
  application:
    name: config-client
  cloud:
    config:
      label: master
      name: config
      profile: dev
      uri: http://localhost:3344

  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"

给cloud-config-center-3366客户端添加消息总线支持

POM

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

YML

server:
  port: 3366

spring:
  application:
    name: config-client
  cloud:
    config:
      label: master
      name: config
      profile: dev
      uri: http://localhost:3344

  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"

测试

运维工程师

修改Github上配置文件增加版本号

发送Post请求 curl -X POST "http://localhost:3344/actuator/bus-refresh"
配置中心

http://config-3344.com/config-dev.yml
客户端

http://localhost:3355/configInfo

http://localhost:3366/configInfo

获取配置信息，发现都已经刷新了

一次修改，广播通知，处处生效

4.SpringCloud Bus动态刷新定点通知

不想全部通知，只想定点通知

只通知3355
不通知3366

简单一句话

指定具体某一个实例生效而不是全部
公式：http://localhost:配置中心的端口号/actuator/bus-refresh/{destination}
/bus/refresh请求不再发送到具体的服务实例上，而是发给config server并通过destination参数类指定需要更新配置的服务或实例

案例

我们这里以刷新运行在3355端口上的config-client为例

只通知3355

不通知3366
curl -X POST "http://localhost:3344/actuator/bus-refresh/config-client:3355"

通知总结

十二、SpringCloud Stream消息驱动

1.消息驱动概述

是什么

屏蔽底层消息中间件的差异，降低切换版本，统一消息的编程模型

官网

https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud-stream#overview

https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-stream/3.0.1.RELEASE/reference/html/

Spring Cloud Stream中文指导手册

https://m.wang1314.com/doc/webapp/topic/20971999.html

设计思想

标准MQ

生产者/消费者之间靠消息媒介传递信息内容(Message)
消息必须走特定的通道(消息通道MessageChannel)
消息通道里的消息如何被消费呢，谁负责收发处理

消息通道MessageChannel的子接口SubscribableChannel,由MessageHandler消息处理器订阅

为什么用Cloud Stream

stream凭什么可以统一底层差异
Binder

INPUT对应于消费者

OUTPUT对应于生产者
Stream中的消息通信方式遵循了发布-订阅模式

Topic主题进行广播

在RabbitMQ就是Exchange

在kafka中就是Topic

Spring Cloud Stream标准流程套路

Binder

很方便的连接中间件，屏蔽差异

Channel

通道，是队列Queue的一种抽象，在消息通讯系统中就是实现存储和转发的媒介，通过对Channel对队列进行配置

Source和Sink

简单的可理解为参照对象是Spring Cloud Stream自身，从Stream发布消息就是输出，接受消息就是输入

编码API和常用注解

2.案例说明

RabbitMQ环境已经OK

工程中新建三个子模块

cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801,作为生产者进行发消息模块
cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802,作为消息接收模块
cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803,作为消息接收模块

3.消息驱动之生产者

新建Module cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

YML

server:
  port: 8801

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-stream-provider
  cloud:
    stream:
      binders: # 在此处配置要绑定的rabbitmq的服务信息；
        defaultRabbit: # 表示定义的名称，用于于binding整合
          type: rabbit # 消息组件类型
          environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关的环境配置
            spring:
              rabbitmq:
                host: localhost
                port: 5672
                username: guest
                password: guest
      bindings: # 服务的整合处理
        output: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称
          destination: studyExchange # 表示要使用的Exchange名称定义
          content-type: application/json # 设置消息类型，本次为json，文本则设置“text/plain”
          binder: defaultRabbit  # 设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置

eureka:
  client: # 客户端进行Eureka注册的配置
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
  instance:
    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 2 # 设置心跳的时间间隔（默认是30秒）
    lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 5 # 如果现在超过了5秒的间隔（默认是90秒）
    instance-id: send-8801.com  # 在信息列表时显示主机名称
    prefer-ip-address: true     # 访问的路径变为IP地址

主启动类StreamMQMain8801

@SpringBootApplication
public class StreamMQMain8801 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(StreamMQMain8801.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

发送消息接口

package com.ming.springcloud.service;

public interface IMessageProvider {
    public String send();
}

发送消息接口实现类

package com.ming.springcloud.service.impl;

import com.ming.springcloud.service.IMessageProvider;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Source;
import org.springframework.integration.support.MessageBuilder;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.UUID;

@EnableBinding(Source.class) //定义消息的推送管道
public class MessageProviderImpl implements IMessageProvider {
    @Resource
    private MessageChannel output; // 消息发送管道

    @Override
    public String send() {
        String serial = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        output.send(MessageBuilder.withPayload(serial).build());
        System.out.println("*****serial: " + serial);
        return null;
    }
}

Controller

@RestController
public class SendMessageController {

    @Resource
    private IMessageProvider messageProvider;

    @GetMapping(value = "/sendMessage")
    public String sendMessage() {
        return messageProvider.send();
    }
}

测试

启动7001eureka

启动rabbitmq

http://localhost:15672/

启动8801

访问

http://localhost:8801/sendMessage

4.消息驱动之消费者

新建Module cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ming.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

YML

server:
  port: 8802

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-stream-consumer
  cloud:
    stream:
      binders: # 在此处配置要绑定的rabbitmq的服务信息；
        defaultRabbit: # 表示定义的名称，用于于binding整合
          type: rabbit # 消息组件类型
          environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关的环境配置
            spring:
              rabbitmq:
                host: localhost
                port: 5672
                username: guest
                password: guest
      bindings: # 服务的整合处理
        input: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称
          destination: studyExchange # 表示要使用的Exchange名称定义
          content-type: application/json # 设置消息类型，本次为json，文本则设置“text/plain”
          binder: defaultRabbit  # 设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置

eureka:
  client: # 客户端进行Eureka注册的配置
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
  instance:
    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 2 # 设置心跳的时间间隔（默认是30秒）
    lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 5 # 如果现在超过了5秒的间隔（默认是90秒）
    instance-id: receive-8802.com  # 在信息列表时显示主机名称
    prefer-ip-address: true     # 访问的路径变为IP地址

主启动类StreamMQMain8802

@SpringBootApplication
public class StreamMQMain8802 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(StreamMQMain8802.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

package com.ming.springcloud.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.StreamListener;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Sink;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@EnableBinding(Sink.class)
public class ReceiveMessageListenerController {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)
    public void input(Message<String> message) {
        System.out.println("消费者1号，接受："+message.getPayload()+"\t port:"+serverPort);
    }
}

测试8801发送8802接收消息

http://localhost:8801/sendMessage

5.分组消费与持久化

依照8802，clone出来一份运行8803

cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803
POM
YML
主启动类
业务类

启动

RabbitMQ
7001:服务注册
8801:消息生产
8802:消息消费
8803:消息消费

运行后两个问题

有重复消费问题
消息持久化问题

消费

目前是8802/8803同时都收到了，存在重复消费问题

http://localhost:8801/sendMessage

如何解决?

分组和持久化属性group

生产实际案例

分组

原理

微服务应用放置于同一个group中，就能够保证消息只会被其中一个应用消费一次。不同的组是可以消费的，同一个组内会发生竞争关系，只有其中一个可以消费。

8802/8803都变成不同组，group两个不同

group: mingA、mingB
8802修改YML
8803修改YML
我们自己配置
结论:还是重复消费

8802/8803实现了轮询分组，每次只有一个消费者 8801模块的发的消息只能被8802或8803其中一个接收到，这样避免了重复消费(都设置：group: atguiguA)

8802/8803都变成相同组，group两个相同

结论：同一个组的多个微服务实例，每次只会有一个拿到

持久化

解决了重复消费问题，再看看持久化

停止8802/8803并去除掉8802的分组group:atguiguA

8803的分组group:atguiguA没有去掉
8801先发送4条信息到rabbitmq
先启动8802，无分组属性配置，后台没有打出来消息
先启动8803，有分组属性配置，后台打出来了MQ上的消息

结论:有分组的消息不会丢失没有分组的会丢失

十三、SpringCloud Sleuth分布式请求链路追踪

1.概述

为什么会出现这个技术？需要解决哪些问题？

是什么

https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth

Spring Cloud Sleuth提供了一套完整的服务跟踪的解决方案

在分布式系统中提供追踪解决方案并且兼容支持了zipkin

解决

2.搭建链路监控步骤

1.zipkin

下载

SpringCloud从F版起已不需要自己构建Zipkin server了，只需要调用jar包即可

https://dl.bintray.com/openzipkin/maven/io/zipkin/java/zipkin-server/

zipkin-server-2.12.9.exec.jar
运行jar
运行控制台

http://localhost:9411/zipkin/

术语

完整的调用链路

上图what

名词解释

Trace:类似于树结构的Span集合，表示一条调用链路，存在唯一标识

span:表示调用链路来源，通俗的理解span就是一次请求信息

2.服务提供者

cloud-provider-payment8001

POM

<!--包含了sleuth+zipkin-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>

YML

server:
  port: 8001


spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:9411
  sleuth:
    sampler:
      #采样率 介于0-1之间
    probability: 1
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
    username: root
    password: 123456

mybatis:
  mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.ming.springcloud.entities

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
#      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: payment8001
    prefer-ip-address: true

业务类PaymentController

@GetMapping("/payment/zipkin")
public String paymentZipkin() {
    return "hi ,i'am paymentzipkin server fall back，welcome to atguigu，O(∩_∩)O哈哈~";
}

3.服务消费者（调用方）

cloud-consumer-order80

POM

<!--包含了sleuth+zipkin-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>

YML

server:
  port: 8000

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-order-service
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:9411
  sleuth:
    sampler:
      probability: 1

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
#      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
#      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka

业务类OrderController

// ====================> zipkin+sleuth
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/zipkin")
public String paymentZipkin() {
    String result = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8001"+"/payment/zipkin/", String.class);
    return result;
}

4.依次启动eureka7001/8001/80

80调用8001几次测试下